Linalit M 2.5 mg+500 mg (10pcs)

Introduction

Linalit M 500 is a combination of two medicines that control high blood sugar levels in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus. This helps prevent serious complications of diabetes such as kidney damage and blindness and may reduce your chance of having a heart attack or stroke. Linalit M 500 can be prescribed alone or together with other diabetes medications. All diabetes medicines work best when used along with a healthy diet and regular exercise. The dose you are given will depend on your condition, blood sugar levels and what other medicines you are taking. Taking this medicine with meals helps to reduce the chances of developing an upset stomach. You should take it regularly, at the same time each day, to get the most benefit. You should not stop this medicine unless your doctor recommends it. It is controlling your blood sugar levels and helping to prevent serious complications in the future. Your lifestyle plays a big part in controlling diabetes. Therefore, it is important to stay on the diet and exercise program recommended by your doctor while taking this medicine. The most common side effects of taking this medicine include diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, upset stomach, headache, blocked nose (nasal congestion) and sore throat. Low blood sugar level (hypoglycemia) is a possible side effect if you are also taking other diabetes medicines like insulin, glimepiride, or sulphonylurea. So you need to know how to recognize and deal with it. This medicine is not suitable for everyone. Before taking it, you should let your doctor know if you have ever had kidney, liver or heart disease, problems with your pancreas, or if you drink a lot of alcohol. Pregnant or breastfeeding women should also consult their doctor before taking this medicine. Some other medicines MAY affect the working of this medicine, so tell your doctor about all the medicines you are taking to make sure you are safe. You should try to avoid drinking alcohol as it lowers blood sugar. Your doctor will check your kidney function and blood sugar levels before and during treatment.

Uses of Linalit M 500

• Type 2 diabetes mellitus

Side effects of Linalit M 500

Common

• Diarrhea
• Nausea
• Vomiting
• Upset stomach
• Headache
• Nasal congestion (stuffy nose)
• Sore throat
• Respiratory tract infection
• Hypoglycaemia (low blood sugar level) in combination with insulin or sulphonylurea

How to use Linalit M 500

Take this medicine in the dose and duration as advised by your doctor. Swallow it as a whole. Do not chew, crush or break it. Linalit M 500 is to be taken with food.

How Linalit M 500 works

Linalit M 500 is a combination of two antidiabetic medicines: Metformin and Linagliptin. Metformin is an antidiabetic medication (biguanide). It works by lowering the glucose production in the liver, delaying glucose absorption from the intestines and increasing the body's sensitivity to insulin. Linagliptin is a DPP-4 inhibitor which works by increasing the release of insulin from the pancreas and decreasing the hormones that raise blood sugar levels. This reduces both fasting and postmeal sugar levels. Together, they provide better control of blood sugar.

What if you forget to take Linalit M 500?

If you miss a dose of Linalit M 500, take it as soon as possible. However, if it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and go back to your regular schedule. Do not double the dose.

Quick Tips

• Trajenta Duo 2.5mg/500mg Tablet should be taken with food to lower the chances of having an upset stomach.
• Take it in addition to regular exercise and a healthy diet to lower the levels of blood sugar.
• Chances of weight gain and low blood sugar are lesser as compared to other diabetes medicines.
• Hypoglycemia (low blood sugar level) may occur when taken along with other antidiabetic medicines, alcohol or on delaying/skipping a meal. Carry a sugar source with you for immediate relief.
• Monitor your blood sugar level regularly while you are taking this medicine.
• Inform your doctor about your diabetes treatment if you are due to have any surgery under a general anaesthetic.
• Tell your doctor immediately if you experience any deep or rapid breathing, persistent nausea, vomiting or stomach pain as Trajenta Duo 2.5mg/500mg Tablet may cause a rare but serious condition called lactic acidosis, which is an excess of lactic acid in the blood.

Brief Description

Indication

Type 2 Diabetes mellitus

Administration

Should be taken with meals to reduce the gastrointestinal undesirable effects associated with metformin.

Adult Dose

Indicated as an adjunct to diet and exercise to improve glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus when treatment with both linagliptin and metformin is appropriate. Prompt-release tablets Initial dose (not currently taking metformin): 2.5 mg/500 mg PO BID Initial dose (already taking metformin): Base dose on current metformin dose (eg, if taking metformin 1000 mg BID, initiate with 2.5 mg/1000 mg PO BID) Not to exceed 2.5 mg/1,000 mg BID Extended-release tablets Individualize dose on the basis of both effectiveness and tolerability, while not exceeding the maximum recommended total daily dose of linagliptin/metformin 5 mg/2000 mg Initial dose (not currently taking metformin): 5 mg/1000 mg PO qDay Initial dose (already taking metformin): 5 mg of linagliptin total daily dose and a similar total daily dose of metformin qDay Switch from prompt-release linagliptin/metformin: 5 mg of linagliptin total daily dose and a similar total daily dose of metformin qDay Hepatic impairment: Not recommended because of increased risk of lactic acidosis

Child Dose

<18 years: Safety and efficacy not established

Renal Dose

Renal impairment Obtain eGFR before starting metformin eGFR <30 mL/min/1.73 m²: Contraindicated eGFR 30-45 mL/min/1.73 m²: Not recommended to initiate treatment Monitor eGFR at least annually or more often for those at risk for renal impairment (eg, elderly) If eGFR falls below 45mL/min/1.73 m² while taking metformin, risks and benefits of continuing therapy should be evaluated If eGFR falls below 30 mL/min/1.73 m²: while taking metformin, discontinue the drug

Contraindication

Hypersensitivity. Type 1 diabetes, diabetic ketoacidosis or pre-coma, renal failure or dysfunction (CrCl <60 mL/min), hepatic insufficiency, acute alcohol intoxication, alcoholism. Acute conditions w/ the potential to alter renal function eg dehydration, severe infection, shock, IV administration of iodinated contrast agents. Acute or chronic diseases which may cause tissue hypoxia eg cardiac or resp failure, recent MI. Lactation.

Mode of Action

Linagliptin: Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) inhibitor; increases and prolongs incretin hormone activity from glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) which are inactivated by the DPP-4 enzyme; incretins increase insulin release and reduce glucagon secretion Metformin: Decreases hepatic glucose production; decreases GI intestinal glucose absorption; increases target cell insulin sensitivity; lowers both basal and postprandial plasma glucose and unlike sulfonylureas, does not typically produce hypoglycemia or hyperinsulinemia

Precaution

Monitor for pancreatitis, hypoglycaemia, lactic acidosis, renal impairment. Intravascular administration of iodinated contrast agents. Co-administration of insulin. Discontinue treatment 48 hr before elective surgery w/ general, spinal or peridural anaesth. Evaluate serum electrolytes & ketones, blood glucose & if indicated, blood pH, lactate, pyruvate & metformin levels in patients w/ previously well controlled type 2 diabetes on Trajenta Duo who develops laboratory abnormalities or clinical illness. Pregnancy. Childn & adolescents <18 yr. Elderly. Lactation: Metformin excreted in human milk in low concentrations; unknown if linagliptin excreted in human milk No studies in lactating animals have been conducted with the combined components; because the potential for hypoglycemia in nursing infants may exist, a decision should be made whether to discontinue nursing or to discontinue the drug, taking into account the importance of the drug to the mother

Side Effect

>10% Hypoglycemia (with sulfonylurea) (22.9%) 1-10% Nasopharyngitis (6.3%),Diarrhea (6.3%),Hypoglycemia (without sulfonylurea) (1.4%) Frequency Not Defined Hypersensitivity (eg, urticaria, angioedema, or bronchial hyperactivity),Cough,Decreased appetite,Nausea,Vomiting,Pruritus,Pancreatitis

Interaction

Linagliptin: Inhibits P-glycoprotein-mediated transport of digoxin (w/ low potency). Increased AUC & Cmax w/ ritonavir. Decreased steady-state AUC & Cmax, & DPP-4 inhibition at trough w/ rifampicin. Weakly inhibits CYP3A4-mediated metabolism (eg simvastatin). Metformin: Increased risk of lactic acidosis in acute alcohol intoxication. Competition on common renal tubular transport systems w/ cationic agents eliminated by renal tubular secretion (eg cimetidine). Risk of renal failure & lactic acidosis w/ intravascular administration of iodinated contrast agents.